Классификации фразеологических единиц в английском языке

; 4) adverbial idioms meaning: a) quality of action:on the sly, b) circumstantiality: all along, in the nick of time, etc.; 5) prepositional idioms:in the light of, by force of, etc.; 6) introductory idioms with the meanings of modality, sequence of actions, etc.: in truth, in the end; 7) interjectional idiomswhich express the user’s emotive-evaluative attitude to the utterance: Good Lord! Great Heavens!, etc.; 8) idioms-intensificators: as old boots, like a shot, etc.; 9) idioms-sentences: neck or nothing, needs must when the devil drives, etc. [1, c.29-31].In recent years due to the emergence of the anthropocentric paradigm and the growing interest to Cognitive Linguistics, Pragmatics and Linguoculturology there appeared new approaches to interpretation of the essence and types of phraseological units.V.N.Teliya considers it possible to investigate idioms with the view of describing the ways of categorising the denotational and descriptive aspects of idioms taking into account their ideographic spacing, thematic organisation and cognitive aspects.Linguocuiltural affiliation of an idiom is also very important. That’s why cultural connotations are distinguished n idioms. V.N.Teliya calls her classification nominative-ideographic andcategorises idioms into the ones referring to the “Real World” and the “Ideal World”. [10, с.175]. Thus, to “Real World” belong idioms denoting natural objects existing in time and space and having such parameters as form, size, weight, colour, substance. Here belong animate and inanimate objects, idioms denoting qualities and physical actions, e.g. a rough diamond, a Pandora box, cold as ice,thread the needle, etc. Emotional, social, intellectual states and activities refer to the “Ideal World”: close to one’s heart, make one’s blood boil, have quick wits, be in two minds, a good hand at, etc.The cognitive structures of phraseological units underlie the classification by A.P.Babushkin. He distinguishes four basic types of idioms:1.Thought-pictures with imaginative semes. Here belong examples like lame duck, dull dog, big gun, Adam’s ale, etc.2. Concept-schemeas a type of mental structure, actualising semes of space and measure: on top of the world, a narrow escape, etc.3. Frame concept – several objects represented in one picture limited by a frame: Augean stables, bear’s den, a bull in a China shop, etc.4. Scenarios actualising semes of action and motion: burn one’s bridges, wash dirty linen in public, dollar diplomacy, etc. [4].ReferencesАлехина, А. И. Идиоматика современного английского языка /А.И. Алехина – Минск: Высшая школа, 1982. – 279 с.Амосова, Н.Н. Основы английской фразеологии / Н.Н. Амосова – Л.: Ленинградский университет, 1963. – 208 с.Арнольд, И. В. Лексикология современного английского языка (на английском языке). TheEnglishWord /И. В.Арнольд – М.: Высшая школа, 1986. – 295 с.Бабушкин, А.П. Типы концептов лексико-фразеологической семантике языка /А.П. Бабушкин. – Дис д-ра филол.наук. 1997. – Воронеж, 1997. – 330 с.Балли, Ш.Общая лингвистика и вопросы французского языка /Ш.Балли. – М.: Изд-во иностранной литературы, 1955. – 416 с.Балли, Ш.Французская стилистика / Ш.Балли – М.: Серия «Лингвистическое наследие XX века»2001. – 392 с.Виноградов, В.В. Избранные труды. Лексикология и лексикография /В.В. Виноградов – М.: Просвещение, 1977. – 312 с.Кунин, А.В. Курс фразеологии современного английского языка: Учебник для институтов и факультетов иностранных языков. – 2-е изд.; перераб . / А.В. Кунин– М.: Высшая школа, Дубна: Изд. центр «Феникс», 1996. – 381 с.Смирницкий, А.И. Лексикология английского языка / А.И. Смирницкий – М.: Изд-во МГУ, 1998. – 260 с.Телия, В.Н. Русская фразеология. Семантический, прагматический и лингвокультурологический аспекты / В.Н. Телия – М.: Школа «Языки русской культуры», 1996. – 228 с.Шанский, Н. М. Фразеология современного русского языка / Н.М. Шанский – М.: Высшая школа, 1999. – 232 с.