Course work on the topic : "Causes, features and results of the Second World war: The place and role of the USSR"

The USSR confirmed its readiness to start a war against Japan. At the same time, in Potsdam, many contradictions between the allies in the anti-Hitler coalition were identified, which became the prologue to the beginning of the cold war.On October 24, 1945, the creation of the United Nations (UN) was completed. The USSR became one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council.During a meeting of the heads of the foreign ministries of great Britain, the USSR and the United States, held in Moscow on December 16-26, 1945, drafts of peace agreements were drawn up with the former allies of Hitler's Germany — Italy, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Finland. They were signed in 1947.The victory over Nazism led to significant territorial changes in Europe and Asia, approved at the Potsdam conference by the heads of government of the USSR, the United States and great Britain, and the Paris peace conference (July 29 — October 15, 1946) by the foreign Ministers of the victorious countries. At these meetings, the territorial acquisitions of the Soviet Union made in 1939-1940 were legalized. in the far East, the USSR returned South Sakhalin in 1946, and also received the Kuril Islands.An important event in international law was the Nuremberg trial (November 1945 — October 1946) of the main Nazi war criminals. The international military Tribunal, consisting of representatives of the United States, great Britain and the USSR, handed down the death sentence to 12 defendants (G. Goering, I. von Ribbentrop, V. Keitel, etc.), and the remaining convicts received long prison terms. The entire leadership of the Nazi party, as well as organizations such as the Gestapo, SD, and SS, were considered criminal.2.3 Results Of the second world war for the USSRConsequences of the war for the USSR:- death of a significant number of the working-age population;- during the entire period of the war, the country lost a third of its national wealth;- destroyed agriculture, large enterprises of heavy industry;- serious damage was caused to the transport system: more than 13,000 railway bridges and 65,000 km of tracks were destroyed;- significant economic imbalances.The war also had a positive significance, the victory in it brought a number of victories on the scale of both the USSR and the world:- The USSR withstood a large-scale confrontation, preserving its territories, independence and integrity;- the military and political influence of the USSR in the world has strengthened;- border security has increased;- it was the Eastern front that became the place where the position of the troops changed dramatically – the USSR managed to turn its defensive position into an attack on the enemy;- the war brought a complete victory over fascism and Nazism, 13 countries were freed from the influence of fascism;- global cooperation in the field of mutual military support has been established in order to effectively resolve military conflicts;- the collapse of the colonial system has accelerated;- the positions of democratic regimes have been strengthened.The role of the USSR in the activities and effectiveness of the anti-Hitler coalition cannot be overestimated. After the war, the USSR became a powerful country with great influence in the international arena.CONCLUSIONThe countries of the anti-fascist coalition, with all the differences in their state system, ideology, domestic and foreign policy, United in one effort-to block the path of aggression and fascism, to defeat the armed forces of the enemy, to destroy the fascist States. The interests of the peoples of the States with their various social systems coincided in solving a common task – to defeat the aggressor and eliminate the threat of fascist enslavement.The entry of the Soviet Union into the war brought to an end the complex process of turning the war against the fascist invaders into a just and liberating one. The majority of freedom-loving peoples of the world supported the struggle of the USSR against fascism. Three main forces began to act against the States of the fascist bloc: the Soviet Union, a number of bourgeois – democratic States led by the United States and great Britain, and the peoples of the countries occupied by the aggressors.The heroic struggle of the Soviet people, who rose up to defend their socialist homeland, the just nature of the war, and the availability of sufficient potential resources for the Soviet Union to fight against a strong enemy, contributed to the unification of all anti-fascist forces. The expression of solidarity of the progressive circles of the United States, Britain and other countries against the Soviet Union, a mass movement for the immediate opening of a second front in Europe showed the convergence of interests of most people in the world with the goals of the anti-fascist coalition.Today, as in all previous years, we bow our heads before the feat of the Soviet soldier. With his blood and sweat, victory was won over a strong enemy. He was able to look directly into the eyes of mortal danger, showed military valor and heroism. There are no limits to the greatness of his feat in the name of the Motherland.The Soviet soldier deserved a monument for centuries from grateful humanity.The greatness of the historical victory of our country with the fascist Germany is that the Soviet people defended not only their state. He selflessly fought for the liberation of the peoples of Europe from fascism.The losses and destruction that the war has brought to us are incomparable. It caused the people a grief that still grieves the hearts of millions of mothers, widows, and orphans. But nothing could break the will of the Soviet man. The bitterness of loss was heavy. But next to it in the soul of every person lived and lives a joyful feeling – a sense of victory. The feat of the fallen inspires the living.REFERENCES1. Carell, Paul Barbarossa: from Brest to Moscow / Paul Ka-Rell. - Moscow: Rusich, 2002. - 432 р.2. Kolomiets, Maxim Tanks on Khalkhin-Gol. Stalin's undeclared war / Maxim Kolomiets. - Moscow: Eksmo, Yauza, Strategy KM, 2013. - 128 р.3. Pereslegin, Sergey world war II. War between realities / Sergey Pereslegin. - Moscow: Yauza, Eksmo, 2006. - 544 р.4. Reutov, G. N. Truth and fiction about the Second world war. Moscow: International relations, 2005. - 304 р.5. Ryabov, V. S. Great feat. Popular essay about the great Patriotic War / V. S. Ryabov. - Moscow: Voenizdat, 2017. - 288 р.6. Documents and materials on the eve of the Second world war (a set of 2 books). - Moscow: State publishing house of political literature, 2015. - 656 р.7. Bulavkina T. M., Stegantsev M. V., Unity of the front and rear in the Great Patriotic war (1941-1945) 2007-326 р.8. Fuller, John.F. world war II. 1939-1945 / j.F. Fuller. Moscow: Foreign literature, 2004. - 540 р.9. Shearer, William the Rise and fall of the Third Reich / William Shearer. - Moscow: AST, 2015. - 931 р.10. Galland A. the Last battle. Memories of the German years-Chica-fighter: 1943-1945 Moscow: publishing house of Centerpolygraph, 2006. - 169 р.11. Liddel G. the Second world war Moscow: Veche, 2001. - 264 p.12. Second world war. Day after day. - Moscow: publishing house Siberian Barber, 2019. - 490 р.13. John, the Second world war. Outbreak of war. An illustrated history / ed. Hammerton, John. - Moscow: AST, 2018. - 640 р.14. Jacobsen, G.-A. world war II: Two views / G.-A. Jacob-sen, A. Taylor. - M.: Thought, 2019. - 560 р.15. Fuller, John.F. world war II. 1939-1945 / j.F. Fuller. - Moscow: Foreign literature, 2019. - 540 р.