Understanding your own emotions and those of others. The phenomenon of emotional intelligence, its structure and history of study

The structure of emotional intelligence proposed by J. Meyer, P. Salovey, and D. Caruso in 1990 is as follows.Evaluation and expression of emotions: one's own (verbal or non-verbal); of others (non-verbal perception or empathy).Regulation of emotions: of own; of other people.Using emotions: flexible planning; creative thinking; shifting attention; motivation.This structure was further refined. It now includes four components, which together describe four spheres of emotional mental ability, namely abilities:• unmistakably distinguish between your own emotions and the emotions of others;• use emotion to enhance the effectiveness of thinking activity;• understand the meaning of emotions;• manage emotions.According to the improved model, emotional intelligence includes the following mental abilities:• conscious regulation of emotions;• understanding (comprehension) of emotions;• assimilation of emotion in thinking;•distinguishing and expressing emotions.At the present time there is a need for further research into the phenomenon of emotional intelligence, its structure, the ways of its development, which will open a real opportunity to optimize relationships through a deeper awareness of the emotional processes and states that arise between people in the process of interpersonal interaction.The development of emotional intelligence can be considered as a significant factor in increasing the psychological culture of society as a whole.References:1. Vygotsky L.S. About two directions in understanding of the nature of emotions in foreign psychology at the beginning of the 20th century // Vopros psychol. 1968. № 2. С. 157-159.2. Leontiev, A.N. Activity and Consciousness//Problems of Philosophy. 1972. № 12. С. 137-140.3. Rubinstein S.L. Problems of General Psychology. Moscow: Pedagogic, 1973.4. Vygotsky L.S. Collected Works. Т. 2. Moscow: Pedagogic, 1982.5. Thorndike, E. L. (1920) Intelligence and its use // Harper's Magazine. 140. P. 227-235.6. Weissbach X., Dax W. Emotional intelligence. Moscow: Lik Press, 1998.7. Kholmogorova A.B., Garanyan N.G. Culture, emotions and mental health // Vopros psychol. 1999. №2. С. 61-74.8. Ilyin E.P. Emotions and feelings. SPb.: Peter, 2001. С. 242-244.9. Mayer J. D., Salovey P. The intelligence of emotional intelligence //intelligence. - 1993. - Т. 17. - №. 4. - С. 433-442.10. Buck R. Motivation, emotion and cognition: A developmental-interactionist view // Strongman K.N. (ed.). International review of studies on emotion. Chichester: Wiley, 1991.11. Salovey P., Mayer J.D. Some final thoughts about personality and intelligence // Stenberg J., Ruzlis P. (eds). Personality and intelligence. Cambridge: Cambr. Univ. Press, 1994.12. Mayer J.D., Di Paolo M., Salovey P. Perceiving affective content in ambiguous visualstimuli: Acomponent of emotional intelligence. Pers. Assessment. 1990. V. 54. N 3, 4. P. 772-781.13. Yakovleva E.L. Emotional mechanisms of personal and creative development // Vopr. psychol. 1997. № 4. С. 20-27.