“Specifics of Quasi-Realias in the Modern English (Based on the Film Series “Star Wars”)

It actually refers to a SL cultural element being replaced with another in terms of the TC. For instance, this applies to weights and measures, musical notations, titles, geographical names, etc. The basic goal of the translator in attempt to “adapt” the translation is to produce a similar effect on the TL readers, “domesticating” the cultural terms in a way.Calque is a type of borrowing where the translator borrows the SL expression or structure and then transfers it in a literal translation. Some tend to use the notions of calque and borrowing interchangeably, which is not quite correct. The main difference between calque and borrowing is that the former imitates the morphological scheme and the signification of the term, while the latter also strives to preserve its original pronunciation. Therefore, calque can be seen as an independent type of translation that is frequently used to introduce realia and quasia-realia to the target audience. Generalization and particularization are opposite approaches that can be describes as two sides of the same coin. The main task of generalization is to provide a broader and more general translation of a notion for stylistic reasons, such as avoidance of repetitions or ambiguity. As for particularization, it provides a more specific and particular description of a term in the TT to enhance the target audience’s understanding.Variation is a procedure employing which the translator changes elements affecting several aspects of linguistic variation: changes in tone, style, social dialect, geographical dialect. Substitution is less common approach to introducing the target audience to realia or quasi-realia. This approach involves substituting a particular realia with the realia of the target culture. T.I.Tkachyk [9] stresses that realia substitution makes sense if the text has a pragmatic dominant, and the style can be given a low priority. However, the problem with the described approach is that it flattens the cultural differences and alters the reality in order to ender a text understandable without the effort to accept its diversity.1.6 Summary of ResultsIn summary, realia and quasi-realia are inalienable elements of different literary genres. The notion of realia was coined by S.I. Vlakhov and S.P. Florin and refers to “objects, customs, habits and other cultural and material aspects influencing the shaping of a certain language.” Depending on the adopted approach, experts distinguish between different subtypes of realia; however, one of the most popular classifications distinguishes between realia related to geography, ethnography, and politics and society. As for quasi-realia, it is an imaginary object, custom or habit that is missing in the target language. Authors use quasi-realia to create imaginary worlds and fill these worlds with imaginary culture-specific elements. Similar to realia, quasi-realia can take multiple forms, and one classification distinguishes between the following common types: quasi-toponyms, quasi-anthroponyms, quasi-ethnonyms, quasi-zoonyms and quasi-phytonyms, quasi-statuses, quasi-nicknames, quasi-communities, quasi-chrononyms, quasi-events, quasi-authorities, quasi-names of books and songs, quasi-celestial objects, quasi-geonyms, quasi-numerals, quasi-languages, quasi-items, and quasi-measures.Based on existing evidence, it is possible to assert that quasi-realia are introduced to perform three major functions, namely: to help an author to create an imaginary world. to fill the created world with specific details, for example, toponyms, anthroponyms, celestial objects, or measures.to enrich the target audience’s experience by encouraging them drawing parallels between the imaginary world and their real-life experiences.Introducing quasi-realia to the target audience can be a daunting task, the accomplishment of which is facilitated by the following strategies:adaptationcalquegeneralization and particularizationvariationsubstitutionReferences1. 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Tolkien//Foreign languages and literature in the international educational space. - Y., 2015. - p.178-189.